Oraciones Afirmativas
(El verbo auxiliar en el "tag" es negativo.)
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(El verbo auxiliar en el "tag" es afirmativo.)
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Verb to
be in present
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You're a
teacher, aren't
you?
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You aren't
a teacher, are
you?
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He's tired, isn't he?
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He isn't
tired, is he?
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I'm tall, aren't I? / I am not?
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I'm not tall, am I?
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Verb to
be in past
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Martha was
angry, wasn't she?
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My mother wasn't
sad, was she?
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The teachers were
really tired, weren't they?
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My students weren´t
on time yesterday, were they?
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Present continuos/ Proggressive
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My best friend is
coming tomorrow, isn´t he?
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My mother is not
cooking now, is she?
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I am writing a sentence now, aren´t I?
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I am not reading an interesting book, am I?
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We are learning
English, aren´t
we?
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They aren´t doing
the math exercises, are they?
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Past Continous/ Proggressive
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Sammy was writing
an e-mail, wasn´t
she?
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I wasn´t studying
at 6, was I?
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You were
listening to music, weren´t they?
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Carla and Luis weren´t
doing homework, were they?
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Present Perfect Tense
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You have finished
your task, haven't
you?
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My foreign friends haven´t
tried Morocho, have they?
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He has cleaned
his room, hasn't
he?
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Alex has not ridden a camel, has he?
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Past Perfect Tense
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I had bought a
new car, hadn´t
I?
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You hadn´t cleaned
the house, had
you?
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He had brought the gifts, hadn´t he?
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She hadn´t lost
the credit card, had she?
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Future
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She will cook,
won't she?
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You won´t go
without me, will
you?
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It's going
to rain, isn´t it?
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You guys aren't
going shopping, are you?
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Modals:
can/could/should/might/would
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You can play
the violin, can´t
you?
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I can´t swim, can I?
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Carlos could
find a job, couldn´t
he?
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Mary couldn´t
lose her job, could
she?
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Erick should
pass his exam, shouldn´t he?
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They shouldn't
do that, should
they?
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They would
like to eat hot dogs, wouldn´t they?
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You wouldn't
forget our wedding anniversary, would you?
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It may rain tomorrow,
mightn't it?
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Tom may not
grab another cookie, may he?
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The store might
close soon, mightn't it?
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The store might
not close soon, might it?
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Imperatives/Suggestions/ Invitations
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Let's go out for a walk, shall we? (Salgamos a dar una vuelta,
¿qué te parece?)
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Let's study tomorrow morning, shall we? (Estudiemos mañana por la
mañana, ¿sí?)
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Open the door, will
you? (Abre la puerta, ¿sí?)
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Don't smoke in this room, will you? (No fumes en esta habitación,
¿de acuerdo?)
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Imperatives: Sometimes we
use question tags with imperatives (invitations, orders), but the sentence
remains an imperative and does not require a direct answer. We use won't for
invitations. We use can, can't, will, would for orders.
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Take a seat, won't
you? polite invitation
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Help me, can you?
quite friendly
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Help me, can't
you? quite friendly (some irritation?)
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Close the door, would
you? quite polite
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Do it now, will
you. less
polite
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Don't forget, will you.
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Negative
Adverbs( never, rarely, seldom, hardly, barely, scarcely) nothing, nobody
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He never
came again, did
he?
She can rarely
come these days, can she?
You hardly ever
came late, did
you?
I barely
know you, do
I?
You would scarcely
expect her to know that, would you?
Nothing came in the post, did it?
Nobody lives in this house, do they?
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We can use affirmative tag questions after
affirmative sentences to express a reaction such as surprise or interest.
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You’re moving to Brazil, are you?
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Los tag
questions son pequeñas frases o preguntas (mini-questions)
que se colocan al final de una oración afirmativa o negativa y que
generalmente tienen como objetivo confirmar o negar el contenido de la frase
misma. Es el equivalente al ¿verdad? español o al ¿no? más
utilizado en países de América.
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TRES REGLAS BASICAS QUE DEBES RECORDAR
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1.
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Los tag
questions utilizan siempre los verbos auxiliares.
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2.
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Con
oraciones afirmativas utilizamos un tag question en NEGATIVO.
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3.
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Con
oraciones negativas utilizamos un tag question en AFIRMATIVO o POSITIVO.
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Analicemos ahora las
diferentes alternativas que pueden presentarse:
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a) ORACIONES AFIRMATIVAS CON
EL VERBO TO BE EN PRESENT SIMPLE O CONTINUO.
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Se utiliza la misma forma del verbo en
NEGATIVO: aren't you? isn't he? isn't she? isn't it? aren't we?
aren't you? aren't they? Aquí tienes algunos
ejemplos:
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It's a beautiful day, isn't
it? (Es un día hermoso, ¿no?)
Martha is angry, isn't she? (Marta está enojada, ¿verdad?) You are really tired, aren't you? (Estás muy cansado, ¿no?) They're very nice people, aren't they? (Son personas muy agradables, ¿no?) You are coming tomorrow, aren't you? (Vas a venir mañana, ¿verdad?) Pedro's flying now, isn't he? (Pedro está volando en estos momentos, ¿no?) |
Por favor recuerda que,
en inglés americano y UNICAMENTE en este caso en particular, para la primera
persona del verbo to be se utiliza aren't I? como
equivalente de am I not?:
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I'm late, aren't I? (Llego
tarde, ¿no?)
I'm arriving late at night, aren't I? (LLegaré tarde por la noche, ¿no?) |
b) ORACIONES NEGATIVAS CON
EL VERBO TO BE EN PRESENT SIMPLE O CONTINUO.
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Se utiliza la misma forma del verbo en AFIRMATIVO
o POSITIVO: am I? are you? is he? is she? is it? are we?
are you? are they? Aquí tienes algunos ejemplos:
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I'm not late, am I? (No
llego tarde, ¿no?)
It isn't a beautiful day, is it? (No es un día hermoso, ¿verdad?) Martha isn't angry, is she? (Marta no está enojada, ¿no?) You aren't really tired, are you? (No estás muy cansado, ¿verdad?) They aren't very nice people, are they? (No son personas muy agradables, ¿no?) You aren't coming tomorrow, are you? (No vas a venir mañana, ¿no?) Pedro isn't flying now, is he? (Pedro no está volando en estos momentos, ¿no?) |
c) ORACIONES AFIRMATIVAS CON
EL VERBO TO BE EN PAST SIMPLE O CONTINUO.
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Se utiliza la misma forma del verbo en
NEGATIVO: wasn't I? weren't you? wasn't he? wasn't she? wasn't it?
weren't we? weren't you? weren't they? Aquí
tienes algunos ejemplos:
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It was a beautiful day, wasn't
it? (Fue un día hermoso, ¿verdad?)
Martha was angry, wasn't she? (Marta estaba enojada, ¿no?) You were really tired, weren't you? (Estabas muy cansado, ¿verdad?) You were studying at 6, weren't you? (Estuviste estudiando a las 6, ¿no?) He was flying when I phoned, wasn't he? (Estaba volando cuando llamé, ¿no?) |
d) ORACIONES NEGATIVAS CON
EL VERBO TO BE EN PAST SIMPLE O CONTINUO.
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Se utiliza la misma forma del verbo en AFIRMATIVO
o POSITIVO: was I? were you? was he? was she? was it?
were we? were you? were they? Aquí tienes algunos ejemplos:
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It wasn't a beautiful
day, was it? (No fue un día hermoso,
¿no?)
Martha wasn't angry, was she? (Marta no estaba enojada, ¿no?) You weren't really tired, were you? (No estabas muy cansado, ¿verdad?) You weren't studying at 6, were you? (No estuviste estudiando a las 6, ¿no?) He wasn't flying when I phoned, was he? (No estaba volando cuando llamé, ¿no?) |
e) ORACIONES AFIRMATIVAS CON
OTROS VERBOS COMUNES O DEFECTIVOS.
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Teniendo siempre en
cuenta el TIEMPO VERBAL, se utiliza el auxiliar en NEGATIVO que corresponde a
la persona de la oración: didn't she? hasn't she? won't she?
shouldn't she? can't she? couldn't she? aren't there?, etc. Aquí tienes
algunos ejemplos:
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You went to Costa Rica in
1990, didn't you? (Fuiste a Costa Rica en
1990, ¿no?)
Elena has traveled a lot, hasn't she? (Elena ha viajado mucho, ¿no?) Ann will be here soon, won't she? (Ana estará pronto aquí, ¿verdad?) Tom should pass his exam, shouldn't he? (Tom debería aprobar su examen, ¿no?) You can play the violin, can't you? (Sabes tocar el violín, ¿no?) He could find a job, couldn't he? (Pudo encontrar trabajo, ¿verdad?) There are twelve animals in the Chinese horoscope, aren't there? (Hay doce animales en el zodíaco chino, ¿verdad?) |
f) IMPERATIVOS Y SUGERENCIAS O INVITACIONES.
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Después de la
cláusula Let's... el tag question que corresponde es shall
we? (en interrogativo AFIRMATIVO). Aquí tienes algunos ejemplos:
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Let's go
out for a walk, shall we? (Salgamos a dar una
vuelta, ¿qué te parece?)
Let's study tomorrow morning, shall we? (Estudiemos mañana por la mañana, ¿sí?) |
Después del imperativo (do/don't
do something) el tag que corresponde es will you?(en
interrogativo AFIRMATIVO). Aquí tienes algunos ejemplos:
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Open the door, will you? (Abre
la puerta, ¿sí?)
Don't smoke in this room, will you? (No fumes en esta habitación, ¿de acuerdo?) |
positive
statement
treated as negative statement |
positive
tag
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He never came
again,
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did he?
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She can rarely come
these days,
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can she?
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You hardly ever
came late,
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did you?
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I barely know
you,
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do I?
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You would scarcely expect
her to know that,
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would you?
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intonation
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You don't know where my wallet is,
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do you?
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/ rising
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real
question
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It's a
beautiful view,
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isn't it?
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\ falling
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not a real
question
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imperative
+ question tag
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notes
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Take a seat, won't you?
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polite
invitation
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Help me,
can you?
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quite
friendly
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Help me,
can't you?
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quite
friendly (some irritation?)
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Close the door, would you?
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quite
polite
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Do it now, will you.
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less polite
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Don't forget,
will you.
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with negative imperatives
only will is possible
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example
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notes
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I am right, aren't
I?
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aren't I (not amn't I)
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You have to
go, don't you?
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you (do) have to go...
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I have been answering, haven't
I?
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use first
auxiliary
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Nothing came in the post, did it?
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treat statements with nothing,
nobody etc like negative statements
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Let's go, shall we?
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let's = let
us
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He'd better do
it, hadn't he?
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he had better (no auxiliary)
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Oraciones
Afirmativas
(El verbo auxiliar en el "tag" es negativo.) |
Oraciones
Negativas
(El verbo auxiliar en el "tag" es afirmativo.) |
to be
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You're a teacher, aren't you?
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You aren't a teacher, are you?
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He's tired, isn't he?
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He isn't tired, is he?
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Tiempo Presente
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You speak English, don't you?
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You don't speak English, do you?
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He swims, doesn't he?
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He doesn't swim, does he?
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Tiempo Pasado
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He went to school, didn't he?
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He didn't go to school, did he?
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Presente Perfecto
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You have finished, haven't you?
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You haven't finished, have you?
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He has left, hasn't he?
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He hasn't left, has he?
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Futuro
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She will cook, won't she?
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She won't cook, will she?
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